URB-597 is primarily used in scientific research to study the endocannabinoid system. It acts as a potent inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzyme responsible for breaking down endocannabinoids like anandamide. By inhibiting FAAH, URB-597 increases levels of anandamide in the brain and peripheral tissues, enhancing endocannabinoid signaling. This property makes URB-597 a valuable tool in investigating conditions related to pain, anxiety, depression, and inflammation. Researchers use it to explore potential therapeutic strategies without the psychoactive effects associated with direct cannabinoid receptor agonists. It has also been studied in models of neurodegenerative diseases and addiction, helping to clarify the role of endocannabinoids in mood regulation and reward pathways. Due to its research-focused use, URB-597 is not used clinically or commercially outside of laboratory settings.