This chemical is widely used in bioconjugation and surface modification due to its unique properties. The thiol group (-SH) allows for specific attachment to gold surfaces or thiol-reactive molecules, making it valuable in the development of biosensors and nanomaterials. The azide group (-N3) enables click chemistry reactions, particularly with alkynes, facilitating the creation of stable covalent bonds in complex molecular assemblies. Its polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer enhances solubility, reduces immunogenicity, and improves biocompatibility, making it suitable for drug delivery systems and therapeutic applications. Additionally, it is employed in the functionalization of nanoparticles, peptides, and proteins for targeted drug delivery and diagnostic imaging. Its versatility also extends to polymer chemistry, where it is used to create tailored materials with specific functionalities.