This chemical is widely used in bioconjugation and surface modification due to its reactive thiol and amine groups. The thiol group allows for specific attachment to gold surfaces or maleimide-functionalized molecules, while the amine group enables further conjugation with carboxylates or other amine-reactive groups. It is commonly employed in the development of drug delivery systems, where it serves as a linker to attach therapeutic agents to carriers like nanoparticles or antibodies. Additionally, it is utilized in the functionalization of biosensors and biomaterials to enhance their biocompatibility or targeting capabilities. Its polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer improves solubility and reduces immunogenicity, making it suitable for applications in biomedical research and therapeutic formulations.