Basmisanil is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the field of neurology. It functions as a selective GABA-A α5 negative allosteric modulator, targeting specific receptors in the brain. This mechanism makes it a candidate for treating cognitive impairments associated with conditions such as Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease. Research suggests that by modulating GABA-A receptors, Basmisanil may help improve memory and learning deficits. Clinical trials have explored its efficacy and safety, focusing on its ability to enhance cognitive function without significant side effects. Its development represents a promising approach to addressing neurological disorders linked to GABAergic dysfunction.