Exendin derivative 1 is primarily used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes due to its ability to enhance insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. It helps regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating the release of insulin when blood glucose levels are high, while minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, it slows gastric emptying, which contributes to better post-meal glucose control and promotes a feeling of fullness, aiding in weight management. This derivative is also being investigated for its potential neuroprotective effects in conditions like Parkinson's disease, as it may help protect neurons from degeneration. Its long-acting properties make it a favorable option for reducing the frequency of administration, improving patient compliance.