OXSI-2 is primarily utilized in biochemical research as a selective inhibitor of the enzyme O-GlcNAcase (OGA). This enzyme is involved in the removal of O-GlcNAc modifications from proteins, a process that plays a critical role in cellular signaling and regulation. By inhibiting OGA, OXSI-2 helps researchers study the effects of increased O-GlcNAcylation on various cellular processes, including stress responses, transcription, and metabolism. Its application is particularly valuable in understanding the role of O-GlcNAc in diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies.