Ganirelix is primarily used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) to prevent premature ovulation in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. It works by inhibiting the release of luteinizing hormone (LH), which is crucial for triggering ovulation. By controlling the timing of ovulation, it helps optimize the chances of successful egg retrieval for procedures like in vitro fertilization (IVF). This ensures that eggs are collected at the right stage of maturity, improving the overall efficiency and success rate of fertility treatments.