AMG 837 calcium hydrate is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of metabolic disorders, particularly type 2 diabetes. It functions as a GPR40 agonist, targeting the G-protein-coupled receptor 40, which plays a significant role in enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This mechanism helps in improving glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Research and clinical studies focus on its ability to regulate blood sugar levels effectively while minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, it is explored for its potential benefits in managing other metabolic conditions, offering a promising avenue for developing new treatments in the field of endocrinology and metabolic health.