UNC0642 is primarily used in research settings to study epigenetic mechanisms due to its role as a selective inhibitor of G9a and GLP histone methyltransferases. It is particularly valuable in understanding gene silencing processes and the regulation of histone methylation, which are critical in cellular differentiation and development. Researchers utilize UNC0642 to explore its effects on chromatin structure and gene expression, providing insights into diseases where epigenetic dysregulation is a factor, such as cancer and neurological disorders. Additionally, it serves as a tool in stem cell research to investigate the role of histone methylation in maintaining pluripotency and directing cell fate. Its application extends to preclinical studies aimed at developing epigenetic-based therapies.