UNC0646 is primarily used in biochemical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of the G9a and GLP histone methyltransferases. These enzymes play a crucial role in the methylation of histone H3, which is involved in gene expression regulation. By inhibiting G9a and GLP, UNC0646 helps researchers study the effects of histone methylation on various cellular processes, including gene silencing, differentiation, and development. This compound is particularly valuable in epigenetic studies, where understanding the role of histone modifications in diseases like cancer is essential. Additionally, UNC0646 is utilized in drug discovery programs to explore potential therapeutic targets related to epigenetic regulation. Its ability to modulate histone methylation makes it a useful tool for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying various biological and pathological conditions.