NPD is widely used as an electron transport material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to its excellent hole-blocking properties and high electron mobility. It enhances the efficiency and stability of OLED devices by facilitating the smooth transfer of electrons within the device structure. Additionally, NPD is employed in the fabrication of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, where it helps improve charge separation and overall energy conversion efficiency. Its application extends to organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), where it contributes to better device performance by optimizing charge carrier mobility. NPD is also utilized in research and development of advanced organic electronic materials, aiding in the exploration of new technologies for displays, lighting, and energy harvesting systems.