IACS-8968, an IDO/TDO inhibitor, is primarily used in the field of oncology to enhance the body's immune response against cancer. By blocking the activity of IDO (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) and TDO (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase), it prevents the depletion of tryptophan, a crucial amino acid for T-cell function. This inhibition helps to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, allowing immune cells to effectively target and destroy cancer cells.

Its application is particularly significant in combination therapies, where it is used alongside immune checkpoint inhibitors or other immunotherapies to improve treatment outcomes. Research has shown promising results in preclinical models, indicating its potential to treat various cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer. Clinical trials are ongoing to further evaluate its efficacy and safety in human patients.

Additionally, IACS-8968 is being explored for its potential in treating diseases beyond cancer, such as autoimmune disorders and chronic infections, where immune modulation is critical. Its ability to restore immune balance makes it a versatile candidate for therapeutic development.