Used in biomedical research to detect and quantify protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in human samples. Enables researchers to study signaling pathways, identify potential drug targets, and evaluate the effects of therapeutic compounds on specific protein interactions. Commonly applied in cancer research, immunology, and neurodegenerative disease studies to understand molecular mechanisms and validate biomarkers. Suitable for high-throughput screening and provides a reliable, sensitive method for monitoring dynamic changes in PPIs under different experimental conditions.