Zinc borate is widely used as a flame retardant in various materials such as plastics, rubber, coatings, and textiles. It works by promoting char formation and reducing flammable gas release during combustion. It is especially effective in synergistic combinations with other flame retardants like antimony trioxide and aluminum hydroxide. In the electronics industry, zinc borate is added to circuit boards and insulation materials to improve fire resistance and prevent dripping during burning. It also acts as a smoke suppressant, reducing the amount of smoke produced in fires. Another key application is in wood composites and construction materials, where it provides both flame retardancy and protection against fungal decay and termites. Its thermal stability makes it suitable for use in high-temperature processing of polymers without degradation. Zinc borate is also utilized in friction materials such as brake linings and clutch pads, where it helps control friction and reduce wear while maintaining performance under heat stress.