Athidathion is primarily used as an organophosphate insecticide to control a wide range of pests in agricultural settings. It is effective against insects that damage crops, such as aphids, mites, and caterpillars, by disrupting their nervous system. Farmers apply it to protect fruits, vegetables, and other crops from infestations, ensuring higher yields and better quality produce. Additionally, it is sometimes used in public health programs to manage insect populations that spread diseases. Due to its toxicity, proper handling and adherence to safety guidelines are essential during application.