Prexasertib mesylate hydrate is primarily used in cancer research and treatment, particularly as a checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) inhibitor. It is being investigated for its potential to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiation therapy by disrupting DNA damage repair mechanisms in cancer cells. This compound is often studied in clinical trials for various cancers, including solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, to evaluate its ability to sensitize cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents. Its role in targeting CHK1 makes it a promising candidate for overcoming resistance to conventional therapies and improving patient outcomes.