PKR-IN-C51 is primarily used in research settings to study the role of protein kinase R (PKR) in various cellular processes. It acts as an inhibitor of PKR, making it valuable for investigating the enzyme's involvement in immune responses, stress signaling, and apoptosis. Researchers utilize this compound to explore its potential therapeutic applications in conditions where PKR activity is dysregulated, such as viral infections, neurodegenerative diseases, and certain cancers. Additionally, PKR-IN-C51 helps in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying PKR-mediated pathways, aiding in the development of targeted treatments. Its use is confined to laboratory studies and preclinical models to assess efficacy and safety before any potential clinical applications.