Used in cancer research, particularly in targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway, which plays a key role in tumor progression and metastasis. It shows potential in inhibiting the growth and spread of various cancer types, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancers. Often studied in combination with other anticancer agents to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Also investigated for its role in overcoming drug resistance and suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process linked to cancer aggressiveness. Currently in preclinical and early clinical development stages.