Used primarily as a selective inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), this compound plays a key role in cell biology research. It helps maintain cell viability during single-cell passaging, especially in stem cell cultures, by reducing apoptosis and improving cell survival. Commonly applied in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering workflows, it enables efficient cloning and expansion of sensitive cell types such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and primary neurons. It is also used in studies involving cytoskeletal dynamics, cell motility, and smooth muscle contraction. In ophthalmic research, it supports corneal endothelial cell proliferation and has been explored for potential therapeutic use in corneal injuries. Its ability to modulate cell adhesion and morphology makes it valuable in both basic research and applied biomedical settings.