GNE 390 is primarily utilized in the field of medical research, particularly in the study of neurodegenerative diseases. It functions as a potent and selective LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, which is significant because LRRK2 mutations are linked to Parkinson's disease. By inhibiting this kinase, GNE 390 helps researchers understand the role of LRRK2 in disease pathology and explore potential therapeutic strategies. Its application extends to preclinical studies where it is used to develop and test new treatments aimed at mitigating the progression of Parkinson's disease and other related neurological disorders.