LSP-249 is primarily used in preclinical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). It is employed to study epigenetic regulation in cancer models, particularly in leukemia and other hematological malignancies. By inhibiting LSD1, LSP-249 helps reactivate silenced tumor suppressor genes and promotes differentiation of cancer cells, making it a valuable tool in the development of epigenetic therapies. Its high selectivity allows researchers to investigate the biological role of LSD1 without significant off-target effects, supporting its use in target validation and mechanistic studies.