N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)maleimide is widely used in bioconjugation and protein modification due to its reactivity with thiol groups. It is commonly employed to link biomolecules, such as antibodies or peptides, to other molecules or surfaces for research, diagnostics, and therapeutic applications. Its maleimide group specifically reacts with cysteine residues in proteins, enabling precise and stable conjugation. This chemical is also utilized in the development of drug delivery systems, where it helps attach targeting ligands to drug carriers for improved specificity. Additionally, it plays a role in the synthesis of polymers and hydrogels, contributing to materials with tailored properties for biomedical applications. Its versatility makes it a valuable tool in biochemistry and materials science.