Used in gas adsorption and separation processes, particularly for capturing carbon dioxide due to its high surface area and functionalized pores. The carboxyl groups enhance selectivity and binding affinity for specific gases. Applied in catalysis as a support for metal nanoparticles, improving reaction efficiency in organic transformations. Investigated for drug delivery systems because of its biocompatibility and controlled release properties. Also employed in water treatment to remove heavy metals and organic pollutants through adsorption. Its stability and tunable functionality make it suitable for developing sensors and membrane technologies.