Used as a highly efficient photocatalyst in environmental remediation, particularly for the degradation of organic pollutants and dyes in wastewater under visible light irradiation. Its enhanced light absorption due to the presence of hydroxyl groups improves electron-hole separation, boosting catalytic activity. Also employed in gas adsorption and separation processes, especially for CO2 capture, thanks to its high surface area and chemical stability. Additionally, explored in drug delivery systems due to its biocompatibility and tunable porosity, allowing controlled release of therapeutic agents.