Manganese dioxide is widely used in the production of dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries, where it acts as a cathode material to facilitate the electrochemical reactions necessary for power generation. It is also employed in the chemical industry as a catalyst in the synthesis of organic compounds, including the oxidation of alcohols and the production of hydroquinone. In environmental applications, it is utilized for water purification, effectively removing iron, manganese, and other impurities through oxidation and filtration processes. Additionally, it serves as a key component in the manufacture of glass and ceramics, where it helps to remove green tints caused by iron impurities and enhances the overall quality of the final product. In the field of metallurgy, manganese dioxide is used in the production of ferromanganese alloys, which are essential in steelmaking. It also finds use in the production of pigments, particularly in the creation of black and brown colors for paints and coatings.