Copper Bisglycinate (28% Copper)
Highly bioavailable chelated copper (bisglycinate) for immune, antioxidant and connective‑tissue support.
Copper Bisglycinate chelated copper bound to two glycine molecules is a highly bioavailable form of copper designed for gentle gastrointestinal tolerance and efficient absorption.
| Benefit |
Typical study dose* |
Key human findings |
High-quality sources |
| Immune function support |
1–2 mg elemental copper/day |
Adequate copper status supports neutrophil/T‑cell activity; copper compounds modulate pro‑inflammatory cytokines (↓ IL‑6, ↓ TNF‑α) in immune cells. |
PMC11944375; ODS |
| Antioxidant defense (SOD cofactor) |
1–2 mg/day |
Copper is required for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; sufficient intake supports oxidative balance. |
ODS |
| Collagen & connective tissue |
≈RDA to 2 mg/day |
Cofactor for lysyl oxidase that cross‑links collagen and elastin; adequate copper supports tissue integrity and wound healing. |
ODS |
| Energy metabolism & iron handling |
1–2 mg/day |
Cofactor for cytochrome c oxidase (ATP production) and ceruloplasmin (iron mobilization); deficiency can lead to anemia‑like signs. |
ODS |
*Doses refer to elemental copper from copper bisglycinate. Individual needs vary; consult a healthcare professional.
Mechanistic highlights
- Chelation with glycine: forms a neutral complex that supports absorption and gastrointestinal tolerance compared with inorganic salts.
- Redox enzymes: essential cofactor for Cu/Zn‑SOD and cytochrome c oxidase, supporting antioxidant defenses and mitochondrial respiration.
- Matrix enzymes: supports lysyl oxidase activity for collagen/elastin cross‑linking, relevant to connective tissue integrity.
- Immune modulation: influences cytokine signaling in immune cells (e.g., ↓ IL‑6, ↓ TNF‑α).
Safety & practical use
- Usual supplemental range: 1–2 mg/day (elemental copper).
- Upper-dose tolerance: Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for adults is 10 mg/day copper; avoid chronic intakes above this level.
- Drug/nutrient interactions: High zinc intake can reduce copper absorption; separate dosing when using high‑dose zinc.
- Populations needing oversight: Wilson’s disease or other copper‑storage disorders; significant liver disease; pregnancy/lactation—use only under professional guidance.
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