Diethyl azodicarboxylate is widely used in organic synthesis, particularly in the Mitsunobu reaction, where it facilitates the conversion of alcohols into esters, ethers, and other derivatives. It serves as a key reagent in the formation of carbon-nitrogen and carbon-oxygen bonds, making it valuable in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and natural products. Additionally, it is employed in the preparation of azo compounds, which are useful in dyes and pigments. Its role as a dehydrogenating agent is also notable in the oxidation of various organic compounds. Due to its reactivity, it is often handled with care in controlled environments.