VU0650786 is primarily used in neuroscience research to study and modulate the activity of specific receptors in the brain. It acts as a selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which plays a critical role in cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Researchers utilize this compound to explore its potential in treating neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease, as enhancing M1 receptor activity may improve cognitive deficits. Additionally, it is employed in preclinical studies to understand the receptor's role in synaptic plasticity and its impact on neurological pathways. Its application extends to developing targeted therapies for psychiatric conditions where M1 receptor dysfunction is implicated.