1,6-Dimethylnaphthalene is primarily used in the production of advanced polymers and plastics, where it serves as a key intermediate. Its structure allows it to enhance the thermal stability and mechanical properties of these materials, making them suitable for high-performance applications.

In the field of organic synthesis, it acts as a building block for creating complex aromatic compounds, which are essential in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its ability to undergo various chemical reactions makes it valuable for developing active ingredients in drugs and pesticides.

Additionally, it is utilized in the manufacturing of specialty chemicals, including dyes and pigments, where its aromatic properties contribute to color stability and intensity. In research, it is often employed as a model compound to study aromatic hydrocarbon behavior and reaction mechanisms.

Its applications also extend to the petroleum industry, where it is used in refining processes to improve fuel quality and efficiency.