Pizuglanstat is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of neurological disorders, particularly those involving cognitive impairment. It functions as a selective inhibitor of the enzyme glutaminyl cyclase, which plays a role in the formation of neurotoxic peptides associated with Alzheimer's disease. By inhibiting this enzyme, it aims to reduce the accumulation of harmful amyloid plaques in the brain, potentially slowing disease progression. Research is ongoing to evaluate its efficacy and safety in clinical trials, with a focus on its ability to improve cognitive function and memory in patients with neurodegenerative conditions.