Neuromedin B is primarily involved in various physiological processes due to its role as a bombesin-like peptide. It is extensively studied for its effects on smooth muscle contraction, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract, where it helps regulate motility and secretion. In the central nervous system, it influences behaviors such as feeding and thermoregulation. Additionally, Neuromedin B has been implicated in cancer research, as its receptors are often overexpressed in certain types of tumors, making it a potential target for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Its role in modulating cellular growth and differentiation also makes it a subject of interest in developmental biology and tissue repair studies.