Used in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dexpramipexole helps slow the decline in daily functioning by targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and reducing motor neuron damage. It is investigated for its neuroprotective properties, particularly in preserving energy production in nerve cells. Clinical trials have explored its role in improving survival and delaying disease progression in ALS patients. Additionally, it has shown potential in reducing eosinophil levels, leading to research in eosinophilic asthma and other inflammatory conditions involving eosinophilic infiltration.