Aquilegiolide is primarily studied for its potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. It has shown activity in modulating cellular pathways involved in oxidative stress, making it a compound of interest in research related to neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Preliminary studies suggest it may help reduce neuronal damage by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing antioxidant defenses in brain tissues. Additionally, aquilegiolide has demonstrated mild cytotoxic effects against certain cancer cell lines, indicating possible applications in anticancer research, though further studies are needed to explore its efficacy and mechanisms. Its natural origin and bioactivity also make it a candidate for development in phytopharmaceuticals and herbal-based therapeutics.