SKA-121 is primarily researched for its potential therapeutic applications in the field of neuroscience. It is being studied for its role as a positive allosteric modulator of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which is implicated in cognitive processes. This makes it a candidate for the treatment of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, where enhancing cholinergic signaling could improve memory, attention, and executive functions. Additionally, its neuroprotective properties are being explored for conditions involving neurodegeneration or brain injury. Research is ongoing to determine its efficacy and safety in these applications.