Ethidium bromide solution is widely used in molecular biology for staining nucleic acids, particularly DNA and RNA, in agarose gel electrophoresis. It intercalates between the base pairs of DNA, allowing visualization under ultraviolet light. This application is crucial for analyzing DNA fragments, verifying PCR products, and assessing DNA integrity. Additionally, it is employed in fluorescence microscopy to study chromosome structures and in research involving nucleic acid quantification. However, due to its mutagenic properties, handling requires strict safety precautions, including the use of gloves and proper disposal methods.