Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine is primarily investigated for its potential in antiviral and anticancer therapies. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with the replication of viral DNA and inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for targeted treatments. In antiviral research, it has shown efficacy against certain DNA viruses by acting as a nucleoside analog, which disrupts viral replication. In oncology, it is studied for its ability to selectively target and inhibit tumor cell proliferation, potentially enhancing the effectiveness of chemotherapy regimens. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing its therapeutic index and reducing side effects for clinical applications.