Used primarily in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other hematologic malignancies, this compound functions as a chemotherapeutic agent by interfering with DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. It is particularly effective during the S-phase of the cell cycle, where it incorporates into DNA and inhibits chain elongation, leading to cell death. Also used in certain protocols for high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier allows for utility in treating central nervous system involvement in some leukemias. Commonly administered in induction and consolidation phases of leukemia therapy. Investigated for use in antiviral treatments due to structural similarity to nucleosides involved in viral replication.