Used primarily in biochemical research, 2'-Deoxyuridine serves as a precursor in the synthesis of DNA. It is often employed in studies involving DNA replication and repair mechanisms. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of antiviral and anticancer drugs, particularly in the synthesis of nucleoside analogs. In cell culture, it is used to assess cell proliferation and to study the effects of thymidine depletion. Its role in labeling DNA during cell division makes it valuable in molecular biology and genetic research.