DHODH-IN-4 is primarily used in research settings as an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme involved in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. By targeting DHODH, it has potential applications in studying cellular processes related to nucleotide synthesis, particularly in rapidly dividing cells such as cancer cells or immune cells. This makes it a valuable tool for investigating therapeutic strategies in oncology and immunology. Additionally, it is explored for its role in modulating immune responses, particularly in autoimmune diseases, where inhibiting DHODH can suppress overactive immune cell proliferation. Its application extends to antiviral research, as pyrimidine biosynthesis is critical for viral replication, making it a candidate for developing antiviral therapies.