TH287 is primarily utilized in the field of cancer research due to its role as a potent inhibitor of MTH1, an enzyme that helps cancer cells survive by preventing the incorporation of damaged nucleotides into DNA. By inhibiting MTH1, TH287 induces DNA damage and selectively targets cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for developing novel anticancer therapies. It is often used in preclinical studies to explore its efficacy in various cancer models, particularly in understanding the mechanisms of DNA repair and cell death pathways. Additionally, TH287 serves as a valuable tool in biochemical assays to study the function of MTH1 and its impact on cellular processes. Its potential to enhance the effectiveness of existing cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, is also under investigation.