Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is primarily used in molecular biology for DNA synthesis and amplification. It serves as one of the building blocks during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, enabling the replication of specific DNA sequences. This chemical is also essential in DNA sequencing, where it helps in determining the order of nucleotides in a DNA strand. Additionally, dCTP is utilized in various research applications, including the study of DNA repair mechanisms and the development of genetic engineering techniques. Its role in these processes is critical for advancements in genomics, biotechnology, and medical diagnostics.