Tamibarotene is primarily used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a specific type of blood cancer. It works by inducing differentiation of leukemia cells, helping them mature into normal white blood cells, and inhibiting the growth of abnormal cells. This makes it particularly effective for patients who are resistant to or relapse after initial treatments like all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Additionally, it is being investigated for its potential in treating other cancers and inflammatory diseases due to its ability to modulate cell growth and immune responses. Its targeted action and efficacy in difficult-to-treat cases make it a valuable therapeutic option in oncology.