Netarsudil (AR-13324) 2HCl is primarily used in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It works by reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), which is a key factor in managing these conditions. The compound achieves this by inhibiting the Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway and enhancing the outflow of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork. Additionally, it acts as a norepinephrine transporter inhibitor, further contributing to its IOP-lowering effects. This dual mechanism makes it an effective option for patients who may not respond adequately to other therapies. It is typically administered as an ophthalmic solution, allowing for direct application to the eye and minimizing systemic side effects. Its use is particularly beneficial in cases where traditional treatments like beta-blockers or prostaglandin analogs are insufficient or unsuitable.