Used as a descaling agent in industrial cleaning processes, particularly for removing rust and mineral deposits from metal surfaces. Effective in cleaning boilers, heat exchangers, and pipelines due to its ability to dissolve iron oxides and scale without damaging the underlying metal. Employed in the pharmaceutical industry as a reagent in organic synthesis, especially in the preparation of sulfonamides. Also utilized in electroplating baths to stabilize pH and improve plating efficiency. Its low volatility and high solubility make it suitable for use in aqueous systems where controlled acidity is required.