2,5-oxazolidinedione is primarily utilized in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. It serves as a key intermediate in the production of antibiotics, particularly those belonging to the oxazolidinone class, which are effective against resistant bacterial strains. Additionally, it is employed in the development of anticonvulsant drugs, contributing to the treatment of epilepsy and other seizure disorders. Its role in organic synthesis extends to the creation of polymers and specialty chemicals, where it acts as a building block for more complex structures. In research, it is used to study reaction mechanisms and develop new synthetic pathways for bioactive molecules.