Used in biomedical research to quantify heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein levels in plant and sometimes mammalian tissue samples. Helps assess oxidative stress responses, as HO-1 is induced under stress conditions like UV exposure, heavy metals, or pathogen attack. Widely applied in studies related to plant defense mechanisms, environmental toxicity, and anti-inflammatory pathways. The ELISA format allows for high-throughput, sensitive detection in lab settings, supporting both agricultural and pharmacological research.