A-804598 is primarily used in scientific research as a selective antagonist for the P2X7 receptor, which is involved in inflammation and immune responses. It is utilized to study the role of this receptor in various disease models, particularly those related to neuroinflammation, chronic pain, and autoimmune disorders. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, A-804598 is valuable in central nervous system research, helping to elucidate the mechanisms of inflammasome activation and cytokine release. Its application supports the development of potential therapeutic strategies targeting purinergic signaling pathways.