YM-244769 dihydrochloride is primarily utilized in pharmacological research due to its role as a potent and selective antagonist of the P2X7 receptor. This receptor is involved in various inflammatory processes, making the compound valuable for studying inflammatory diseases and immune responses. Researchers employ it to investigate the mechanisms underlying conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, neuroinflammation, and chronic pain. Additionally, it aids in the development of potential therapeutic agents targeting the P2X7 receptor pathway. Its application extends to in vitro and in vivo studies, where it helps elucidate the receptor's function in cell signaling and its impact on inflammatory mediators.