Veliparib is a potent inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), primarily PARP-1 and PARP-2, enzymes involved in DNA repair. Its main application is in cancer therapy, particularly in tumors with defective DNA repair mechanisms such as those with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. It is used in combination with chemotherapy agents like platinum-based drugs or radiation to enhance their cytotoxic effects by preventing cancer cells from repairing DNA damage, leading to increased cell death. Veliparib has been investigated in clinical trials for various cancers, including breast, ovarian, lung, and prostate cancers. It shows promise in overcoming resistance to standard treatments and improving progression-free survival. Due to its ability to selectively target cancer cells with existing DNA repair deficiencies, it plays a key role in the development of targeted, personalized cancer therapies.