Ertiprotafib is primarily known for its potential application in the treatment of diabetes. It functions as an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), an enzyme that negatively regulates insulin signaling pathways. By inhibiting PTP1B, it enhances insulin sensitivity and improves glucose metabolism, making it a promising candidate for managing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, research has explored its role in addressing obesity-related metabolic disorders due to its ability to modulate energy balance and fat storage. However, its development has faced challenges, and further studies are needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety in clinical settings.